Protect Yourself This Flu Season: Key Steps for Prevention and Care

By: Dr. George M. Kyle, MD, Chief Medical Officer, HAPPI Health

Seasonal influenza, commonly termed “the flu” is one of the most common respiratory illnesses in the world, and if left untreated, one of the most destructive. Impacting more than one billion people per year and responsible for a staggering 300,000 deaths annually, the flu remains a significant health concern for communities across all gender and age groups. The good news?  With proper preventive care, severe cases of the flu are largely preventable.

Recognizing the Symptoms: 

It is common for patients to question whether symptoms indicate influenza or a less severe respiratory infection, such as the common cold and whether those symptoms warrant a more comprehensive treatment plan. While everyone’s level of discomfort varies, there are essential indicators to be mindful of that can help determine the next course of action:

Onset: While the symptoms of a common cold develop gradually over a few days, the symptoms of the flu typically develop quickly and more intensely. 

Severity: The symptoms common to both respiratory illnesses, such as fever, headache, cough and sore throat, will generally be more severe in patients with the flu. However, as severity is largely subjective, it’s best to consult with your healthcare provider to ensure an accurate diagnosis. 

Duration: Flu symptoms tend to last longer than those of a common cold. If fever, body aches, or fatigue persist beyond a few days or worsen instead of improving, it may signal a more serious infection. 

At Home Care: 

While there are no over-the-counter medications to cure the flu, rest, hydration, and symptom-relief medications can help ease discomfort and support recovery. Getting plenty of sleep and drinking electrolyte-rich fluids helps the body fight infection, while fever reducers and congestion medications can improve comfort.

It’s important to note, however, that while these measures are effective for symptom relief, they do not prevent the flu itself. The most reliable way to protect yourself and your community is through annual vaccination, which significantly reduces the risk of infection and serious complications.

How the Vaccine Works: 

The flu vaccine enables the development of antibodies, which target specific proteins and allows the immune system to respond quickly if exposed. These antibodies will recognize and bind to the virus, neutralizing it to prevent infection or reduce the severity of illness.

Why You Need A Flu Shot Every Year: 

The flu virus is constantly changing. Each year, new strains emerge, and last year’s vaccine may not provide protection against the viruses circulating this season. Additionally, immunity from a previous flu shot gradually decreases over time, leaving you more susceptible to infection. Annual vaccination ensures your immune system is prepared to recognize and fight the most current strains. 

Who Should Get Vaccinated: 

Simply put, everyone. Annual flu vaccination is recommended for all individuals six months and older, with particular emphasis on those at higher risk for serious complications, including young children, older adults, pregnant individuals, and people with chronic health conditions.

While flu season can be unpredictable, effective strategies like annual vaccination, good hygiene, and following guidance from reputable health organizations can help protect you and your community.  

And as always, if you or a loved one experience flu-like symptoms or have questions about vaccines, be sure to consult your healthcare provider to determine the best prevention and care plan for your family.